GPM to PSI Calculator: Convert Flow Rate to Pressure
Convert gallons per minute (GPM) to pounds per square inch (PSI) based on flow rate and pipe characteristics. This calculator helps you determine the pressure required to achieve a specific flow rate in a pipe system.
Understanding GPM to PSI Conversion
Converting gallons per minute (GPM) to pounds per square inch (PSI) is essential for determining the pressure required to achieve a specific flow rate in a pipe system. This calculation helps in designing efficient fluid systems.
Key Factors in GPM to PSI Calculation
Several factors influence the pressure required to achieve a specific flow rate:
| Factor | Description | Impact on PSI |
|---|---|---|
| Flow Rate (GPM) | Volume of liquid moved per minute | Higher GPM increases PSI |
| Pipe Diameter | Internal diameter of the pipe | Smaller diameter increases PSI |
| Pipe Length | Total length of the pipe | Longer pipes increase PSI due to friction |
| Friction Loss | Resistance to flow in the pipe | Higher friction loss increases PSI |
Formula for GPM to PSI Conversion
The formula to calculate PSI from GPM is:
PSI = (GPM × Friction Loss × Pipe Length) / Area
Where:
- GPM: Flow rate in gallons per minute
- Friction Loss: Coefficient of friction loss in the pipe
- Pipe Length: Total length of the pipe in feet
- Area: Cross-sectional area of the pipe (π × radius²)
Common Applications
| Application | Typical GPM Range | Typical PSI Range |
|---|---|---|
| Residential Water Supply | 5 - 20 GPM | 40 - 60 PSI |
| Irrigation Systems | 10 - 50 GPM | 30 - 50 PSI |
| Industrial Processes | 50 - 500 GPM | 50 - 100 PSI |
| Fire Protection | 100 - 1000 GPM | 100 - 150 PSI |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the relationship between GPM and PSI?
GPM measures flow rate, while PSI measures pressure. The relationship depends on pipe diameter, length, and friction loss.
How does pipe diameter affect PSI?
Smaller pipe diameters require higher pressure (PSI) to achieve the same flow rate (GPM) due to increased resistance.
What is friction loss?
Friction loss is the resistance to flow caused by the pipe's interior surface. It increases the required pressure to maintain flow.
Can I use this calculator for any fluid?
This calculator assumes water as the fluid. For other fluids, adjust for viscosity and density.
What is the typical friction loss coefficient?
For smooth pipes, the friction loss coefficient is typically around 0.02. For rough pipes, it may be higher.